TGA statement on CHOICE SPF sunscreen findings

An updated statement is available at Updated TGA statement on CHOICE SPF sunscreen findings published 19 June 2025.

The TGA is aware of a CHOICE report where a number of sunscreens were found to not meet their claimed Sun Protection Factor (SPF) ratings. SPF indicates how effective the sunscreen is against sunburn from the sun’s Ultraviolet (UV) radiation.

In Australia, sunscreens are regulated as either cosmetics or therapeutic goods depending on a number of factors, such as their ingredients, health claims and claimed SPF. Sunscreens with a primary purpose of UV protection are considered to be therapeutic goods and are regulated by us to ensure their safety, quality and efficacy.

It is a requirement under therapeutic legislation that statements on sunscreen labels are truthful and not misleading. It is also a legislative requirement that a sponsor of a therapeutic sunscreen product holds evidence that supports the SPF claim they make at the time they include the medicine in the Australian Register of Therapeutic Goods (ARTG).

We will be investigating the CHOICE findings and will take regulatory action as required. We cannot comment on individual matters including whether products may be subject to investigation or compliance and enforcement activity, or the status of any such investigation and activity. This is due to privacy and legal restrictions under the Therapeutic Goods Act 1989.

Given Australia’s high incidence of skin cancer, the TGA reiterates that using sunscreen is an important measure to prevent harmful effects of ultraviolet radiation, in addition to seeking shade, wearing a wide-brimmed hat, wearing protective clothing and using sunglasses.

We note that several of the products in the CHOICE report provided results in the range of SPF 30. Consumers are advised that SPFs in the range of 30 to 59 provide ‘High protection’, while a SPF of 60 or higher (SPF 50+) provides ‘Very high’ protection. Therefore, products with an SPF of 30 are effective to use.

In relation to testing requirements, all sunscreens in Australia must comply with the testing and labelling requirements in the Australia/New Zealand standard for sunscreens, which incorporates internationally recognised ISO standards.

Currently, the universally accepted methods of sunscreen SPF testing is using human subjects. It is a known issue that there is variability in SPF testing results across laboratories because testing on humans can be highly subjective and the response to a test can differ dramatically from one individual to another. While progress is being made internationally toward in-vitro sunscreen testing (e.g. not on human subjects), which will improve consistency of results, these methods are not yet in place.

The TGA does not conduct human or animal testing. Where necessary, the TGA has outsourced SPF testing to accredited laboratories.